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Sodium ferulate is the sodium salt of ferulic acid, an extract of traditional Chinese herbal medicines for promoting blood circulation and detoxification, and it is rich in sources, with few side effects and high safety. Sodium ferulate has many pharmacological effects, which is a cardiovascular drug researched and developed independently in China. It was first approved in 1990 for the clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, the clinical application of sodium ferulate has become increasingly widespread, and the research field is continuously expanding. Sodium ferulate is effective in treating respiratory diseases, diabetes and complications, and protecting the liver and kidney from damage. Meanwhile it has been widely used in cardiovascular diseases. Here we reviewed the research status of the prominent pharmacological effects of sodium ferulate on cardiovascular diseases in the past 30 years, mainly focusing on the antithrombotic effects, the protection of blood vessels, and the anti-oxidative effect of sodium ferulate. It is expected to provide guidance for clinical applications of sodium ferulate.
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Objective To observe the efficacy of antithrombotic treatment of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with failure primary percutaneous coronary intervention because of high thrombus burden,and its effect on elective percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods Eight acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients were enrolled,who suffered from failure of primary percutaneous coronary intervention because of high thrombus burden.Summarize the antithrombotic strategies in perioperative and postoperative period,the operative strategies and the follow-up coronary intervention were recorded and reviewed.Results All the patients were male and most of them had acute inferior myocardial infarction with right coronary occluded because of high thrombus burden.Four patients received thrombus aspiration and balloon dilation.One patient received thrombus aspiration and the other three patients did not receive coronary intervention.Tirofiban were given in perioperative period to all the patients.Low molecular weight heparin was given to 6 patients.Dual antiplatelet therapy was given to 6 patients (aspirin 100 mg/day plus clopidogrel 75 mg/day) and 1 patient required up-titration of aspirin to 200 mg/day.Coronary angiography were repeated (29.00 ± 23.25) days later,and the thrombus in the culprit vessels disappeared in two patients,and coronary stent implantation was performed in three patients.Conclusions The routine antithrombotic strategies play limited roles in thrombus clearance in acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with failure primary percutaneous coronary intervention because of high thrombus burden.The time for the thrombus to be totally organized and the timing of elective percutaneous coronary intervention are still uncertain and need to be further studied.
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Tissue factor (TF), also called tissue thromboplastin, is the principal initiator of physiological blood coagulation and hemostasis and pathological thrombosis, and plays an important role in the formation of various diseases in atherosclerosis, systemic inflammation, angor pectoris, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Looking for the targets to TF anticoagulant, antithrombotic drug has important theoretical and realistic significance. This summary outlines the research progress of the active components in Chinese materia medica with modulating effects on expression of tissue factor in thrombosis in recent years.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the antithrombotic activity of fucoidan with different molecular weight from Laminaria japonica, and to explore its mechanism by observing antiplatelet activities and fibrinolysis. METHODS: FeCl3-induced arterial thrombosis in rats were used to examine the antithrombotic activity of four fucoidan fractions with different molecular weight; the TXB2, 6-keto-PGF1α, PLG, t-PA and PAI-1 in plasma were determined by ELISA to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the drugs on platelet aggregation and fibrinolytic system. RESULTS: Four fucoidan fractions with different molecular weight could significantly decreased the weight of the thrombus, and Middle molecular weight (MMW) fucoidan fractions exhibited better antithrombotic activity than low molecular weight fucoidan (LMW). Administration of LMW fucoidan significantly decreased the TXB2 content and promoted 6-keto-PGF1α content. Administration of MMW fucoidan only decreased the TXB2 content and didn't change 6-keto-PGF1α content. In four fucoidan fractions group, the activity of t-PA were increased, the activity of PAI-1 were decreased, the ratio of t-PA/PAI-1 was increased, and the activity of PLG had no change. CONCLUSION: Four fucoidan fractions with different molecular weight have strong anti-thrombosis effect, the action mechanism may have correlation with the increase in the activities of anti-platelet aggregation and fibrinolysis system. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.
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This study was performed to investigate anti-thrombogenic, anti-inflammatory effects of n-BuOH (B) and CH2Cl2 (MC) fractions extracted from Sancho (Zanthoxylum. schinifolium) leaves in rats fed high fat diets. The experimental animal groups were consisted of eight including one 5% fat (N) and one 20% fat (H) without the test materials in diets and six H groups of feeding three levels (50, 100 and 150 mg/day) of the B and the MC fractions from Z. schinifolium, respectively. Plasma activated partial thromboplastin times and thrombin times of H group were decreased compared to the N group, but they were increased by feeding the MC fraction of 50 mg and over. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte 5'-lipoxygenase activities and leukocyte leukotriene B4 contents of the H group were significantly increased compared to the N group, but they were decreased in the 100 mg and 150 mg of B fraction or the 150 mg of MC fraction fed groups. Liver cytochrome P450, O2-, H2O2 and GSSG contents were increased by the high fat diet but decreased by feeding the B fraction or the MC fraction, while GSH content and glutathione S-transferase activity lowered by high fat diet were increased by feeding the two solvent fractions. The effects of the solvent fractions were evident at the level of 100 mg/day and over. The present results confirmed that two solvent fractions from the leaves of Z. schinifolium have enhancing effects on antithrombosis and anti-inflammation partly by antioxidant action and partly by direct modulation of the respective processeds. In conclusion, the n-BuOH and CH2Cl2 fractions from leaves of Z. schinifolium can be utilized as the proper ingredients of functional foods for preventing chronic degenerative disease.
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Animals , Rats , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System , Diet , Diet, High-Fat , Functional Food , Glutathione Disulfide , Glutathione Transferase , Leukocytes , Leukotriene B4 , Liver , Neutrophils , Plasma , Thrombin Time , Thromboplastin , ZanthoxylumABSTRACT
Aim To study the inhibitory effect of NO donating-aspirin derivative Ⅱ_6 on thrombosis and its mechanism of nitric oxide release. Methods Inferior vena cava thrombosis and cerebral thrombosis model in rats were used to investigate the antithrombotic activities of Ⅱ_6.TXB_2 and 6-Keto-PGF_(1?)in rat serum、rat aortic strip and in ECV304 cells were determined by radioimmunosay.NO content in the serum of rats and extracellular fluid of the ECV304 cells were tested with Griess reagent.Results Ⅱ_6 inhibited the thrombosis in inferior vena cava and brain,and it reduced the concentration of TXB_2.but increased NO production.Conclusion Ⅱ_6 has an inhibitory effect on thrombosis and increases NO content in vivo and vitro.
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Aim To explore the effects and its mechanisms of ginsenoside-Rg1 on level of t-PA and PAI-1.Methods Type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI-1) and tissue type plasminogen activator(t-PA) activity in plasma were assayed using chromogenic substrate.Results The results showed that ginsenoside-Rg1 in vitro or in vivo significantly inhibited PAI-1activity,while increased t-PA activity.These effects were concentration-dependent.Intravenous Panax notoginsenoside Rg1 at 30,60,120 and 240 mg?kg~(-1) markedly suppressed PAI-1 level in plasma as well as platelet-released substances stimulated by thrombin,while increased plasma t-PA activity.And release level of PAI-1 owing to blood platelet was greatly decreased by ginsenoside-Rg1.Conclusion Ginsenoside-Rg1 showed potent antithrombosis due to the inhibition of PAI-1 and increase of t-PA.It might also be a advantagous mechanism to its antithrombsis.
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The experiments show that extract from Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach (EHT) can inhibit experimental common carotid artery and cerebral thrombosis in rats, and its effective ingredients are unsaturated fatty acids.
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The effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on experimental thrombosis and its mechanism were studied. The results showed that eicosapentaenoic acid had a significant antithrombolic effect both in vivo and in vitro . EPA also had a fibrinolytic activity and can shorten euglobulin lysis time. Our studies also showed that EPA can inhibit platelet aggregation in rats. The plasma concentration of 6-keto-PGF1a and TXB2 was measured by radioimmunoassay. The results showed that EPA can reduce the contents of TXB2 and raise 6-keto-PGF1a/TXB2 ratio.
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The influences of propylene glycol mannate sulfate (PGMS) on experimental thrombosis and thrombolysis in vivo were studies after iv 8. 125, 6. 25, 12. 5 , 25mg/Kg in rabbits, and the effect of antithrombosis of PGMS was compared with that of heparin. The results showed that PGMS possessed remarkable effect of antithrombosis. In order to explore the mechanism of antithrombosis of PGMS, we studied the influences on the fibrinolytic and coagulant function of rabbits. The results showed that PGMS can pronouncedly prolong the prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), kaolin partial thromboplastin time (KPTT), and enhance the activity of antithrombin-III (AT -III). PGMS can cause a remarkable increase in fibrin degradation product (FDP) , shorten euglobulin lysis time (ELT) , and a decrease in the contents of fibrinogen and plasminogen activity. These results suggested that PGMS probably exert the antithrombotic effect by inhibiting coagulation and activating fibrinolysis.
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Object To observe the protective effect of Shexiang Antithrombosis Pill (SATP) on experimental cerebral ischemia in rats. Methods In cerebral ischemia model induced by bilateral common carotid artery clamping and controlled hemorrhage to a mean arterial pressure of 6.7 kPa (50 mmHg), cerebral water content, SOD activity, MDA, Ca 2+ , and LA contents were measured and the ischemic tissue pathology was observed. Results SATP can decrease cerebral water content, lessen pathological change, increase SOD activity and decrease MDA, Ca 2+ , and LA contents. Effect of water pill is better than that of honey pill. Conclusion SATP can protect the cerebral tissue from ischemia injury by suppressing lipid peroxidation. This effect may be related to increasing antioxidase activity and decreasing acidosis of LA and overload of calcium in cell.
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Arterial thrombosis was produced in rats by the electric stimulation of the common carotid artery. Tongmai Wan injections were given at a dosage level of 1mi/100g to the experimental group, and the control group was given normal saline. The results showed that the duration from the electric stimulation of the common carotid artery to the occurrence of obstructive thrombosis in the experimental groups (38.00?4.35min, 38.67?3.8min) was much longer than that in the control groups (23.00?3.67min, 23.00?3.00 min),p
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TMP. The results suggested that 12D-TMP and 6D-TMP possessed remarkable isotope effects, and that the pyrazine ring of TMP may be responsible for its pharmacodynamics, while the substituted groups might primarily govern its pharma-cokinetics and toxicity. The results also indicated that to study the structure activity relationship of TMP and to modify its chemical structure are very fruitful for the development of TMP analogues of high potency.